• Mingzhi Song, Nanyang Li, Xianbin Zhang, Yuru Shang, Litao Yan, Jin Chu, Ran Sun, and Yun Xu.
• Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
• J Adv Nurs. 2018 May 1; 74 (5): 1016-1029.

AimThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of music therapy for reducing the anxiety and pain of patients who underwent a biopsy.BackgroundMusic can affect human anxiety and pain by triggering a neuroendocrine effect. Clinical study results indicated that music can influence the anxiety and pain caused by invasive procedures. There is no effective solution for anxiety and pain arising from a biopsy. Although researchers in this field have different views, music still holds promise in reducing the anxiety and pain in patients undergoing the biopsy.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Data SourcesSystematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Medline and Cochrane databases for studies reported in the English language. The review period covered 2000 - December 2016. The outcome measure of interest was anxiety and pain.MethodsThis review followed Cochrane methods. Studies were selected according to the PICOS framework. The methodological quality of studies was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A systematic review of effectiveness was conducted by using GRADE approach.ResultsNine randomized controlled trials with a total of 326 participants in the music intervention group and 323 controls met the inclusion criteria. Music had a tendency towards decreasing systolic blood pressure before the biopsy, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores after the biopsy, diastolic blood pressure after the biopsy and heart rate after the biopsy. Similarly, music also tended to be more effective for controlling pain after the biopsy. There was moderate quality evidence for the outcome: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores after the biopsy; and low- or very low-quality evidence for other outcomes.ConclusionMusic can be used for patients before and during the biopsy procedure. This approach may be performed by nurses to promote the recovery of patients after the biopsy.© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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