• Eric N Taylor and Gary C Curhan.
• Renal Division and Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. entaylor@partners.org
• Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2006 Dec 1; 48 (6): 905-15.

BackgroundGreater body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for kidney stones. However, the relation between BMI and the urinary excretion of many lithogenic factors remains unclear.MethodsWe studied urine pH, urine volume, and 24-hour urinary excretion of calcium, oxalate, citrate, uric acid, sodium, magnesium, potassium, phosphate, and creatinine in stone-forming and non-stone-forming participants in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (599 stone-forming and 404 non-stone-forming men), Nurses' Health Study (888 stone-forming and 398 non-stone-forming older women), and Nurses' Health Study II (689 stone-forming and 295 non-stone-forming younger women). Each cohort was divided into quintiles of BMI. Tests of linear trend were conducted by 1-way analysis of variance. Linear regression models were adjusted for age, history of stone disease, dietary intake, and urinary factors.ResultsParticipants with greater BMIs excreted more urinary oxalate (P for trend ConclusionPositive associations between BMI and urinary calcium excretion likely are due to differences in animal protein and sodium intake. The greater incidence of kidney stones in the obese may be due to an increase in uric acid nephrolithiasis.

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