• Tae Hoon Oh, Sung Un Shin, Soo Sung Kim, Seong Eun Kim, Uh Jin Kim, Seung-Ji Kang, Hee-Chang Jang, Sook In Jung, Jong-Hee Shin, and Kyung-Hwa Park.
• Department of Infectious Diseases, Chonnam National University Hospital.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Oct 9; 99 (41): e22584e22584.

NationaleTrichosporon species are widely distributed in nature and are emerging opportunistic human pathogens. Trichosporon infections are associated with superficial cutaneous involvement in immunocompetent individuals to severe systemic disease in immunocompromised patients. Until now, there is no report in infective endocarditis by Trichosporon mucoides confirmed by molecular diagnostics PATIENT CONCERNS:: A 66-year-old man presented with a fever that had occurred for a period of 6 months. He had undergone aortic valve replacement 10 years prior. Transthoracic echocardiography showed vegetations on the prosthetic aortic valve and native mitral valve. T mucoides was detected in the cultures of blood and vegetations.DiagnosisDNA sequencing using D/D2 region of rRNA and internal transcribed spacer were performed.InterventionsInfections were successfully controlled with valve replacement and voriconazole plus liposomal amphotericin B therapy.OutcomesThere has been no sign of recurrence for 18-months after treatment completion.LessonsThis is the first reported case of infective endocarditis due to T mucoides. Clinicians should consider Trichosporon species as causative agents of endocarditis in patients who have undergone cardiac surgery.

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