• Imad El Majzoub, Rola A Cheaito, Mohamad Ali Cheaito, Ali Bazarbachi, Kinda Sweidan, Aseel Sarieddine, Farouk Al Chami, Hani Tamim, and Jean El Cheikh.
• Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. Electronic address: im26@aub.edu.lb.
• Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Aug 1; 46: 295-302.

BackgroundBone marrow transplantation is a breakthrough in the world of hematology and oncology. In our region, there is scarce literature studying emergency department visits among BMT patients, as well as their predictors of mortality.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the frequency, reasons, clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients presenting to the ED after a BMT, and to study the predictors of mortality in those patients. This study also compares those variables among the different types of BMT.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study conducted on all adult patients who have completed a successful BMT and visited the ED.ResultsOur study included 115 BMT patients, of whom 17.4% died. Those who died had a higher median number of ED visits than those who did not die. Around 36.5% presented with fever/chills with 29.6% diagnosed with pneumonia on discharge. We found that the odds of mortality were significantly higher among those who presented with dyspnea (p < .0005) and AMS (p = .023), among septic patients (p = .001), those who have undergone allogeneic BMT (p = .037), and those who were admitted to the ICU (p = .002). Moreover, the odds of mortality were significantly higher among hypotensive (p ≤0005) and tachycardic patients (p = .015).ConclusionIn our study, we have shown that BMT patients visit the ED very frequently and have high risk of in-hospital mortality. Moreover, our study showed a significant association between mortality and patients with dyspnea, AMS, sepsis, allogeneic BMT type, ICU admission, hypotension and tachycardia.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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