• Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Oct 2017

    Non-invasive ventilation for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in older patients.

    • Fatma Çiftci, Aydın Çiledağ, Serhat Erol, and Akın Kaya.
    • School of Medicine, Department of Chest Disease, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. fciftci@ankara.edu.tr.
    • Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 2017 Oct 1; 129 (19-20): 680-686.

    BackgroundThis trial was conducted to carry out an age and etiology-based analysis of the clinical efficacy of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF).MethodsThis single center, prospective, cohort study included patients aged ≥65 years with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), bronchiectasis, and kyphoscoliosis, who were treated with NIV for AHRF in the intensive care unit within a 4-year period.ResultsFrom 496 patients aged 65 years or older treated with NIV for AHRF, 162 patients were included. Of the patients 71 were aged 65-74 years, 70 were 75-84 years, and 21 were aged ≥85 years. Of the patients 90 had COPD, 31 had ACPE, 19 had CAP, 15 had bronchiectasis exacerbation and 7 had kyphoscoliosis as the AHRF etiology. The treatment with NIV was successful in 119 patients. No significant difference was found between the age groups regarding NIV success rates (p = 0.803). An etiology-based analysis revealed that NIV was significantly more successful in the COPD and ACPE groups (p = 0.029, p = 0.035). A multivariate analysis revealed that Glasgow coma scale (GCS) (hazard ratio HR 0.215, 95% confidence interval CI: 0.104 to 0.442; p < 0.001), COPD assessment test (CAT) (HR 1.563, 95%CI: 1.229 to 1.987; p < 0.001), and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) ΙΙ (HR 1.009, 95%CI: 1.001 to 1.018; p = 0.031) as significant independent predictors of NIV failure in patients with COPD and AHRF.ConclusionsThe efficacy of NIV was independent of age in patients aged ≥65 years with AHRF and NIV was most successful when the etiology of AHRF was COPD or ACPE. Dyspnea level, GCS, and APACHE-ΙΙ scores were independent predictors of NIV failure in COPD.

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