• Xiaofeng Shi, Jiannong Wu, Qian Jiang, Shuo Zhang, Wanru Chen, Xianqiu Yu, Yichen Liu, Min Chen, Jie Peng, Tiantian Li, Yan Zhu, and Xiaodong Xi.
• Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, North Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Oct 30; 99 (44): e22931.

RationaleSynchronous development of both anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and multiple myeloma (MM) in a patient is rare. To our knowledge, until now only one case has been reported. Treatment needs to cover both and is a challenge. Here we reported another case and discussed the diagnosis and treatment.Patient ConcernsThis is a 63-year old woman who presented with a mass in upper abdominal skin. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) showed the high metabolism in left abdominal skin and left axillary lymph nodes. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical evaluation identified the cutaneous mass as an ALK-negative ALCL. Bone marrow smear showed increased plasma cells which expressed CD38, CD138, and cLambda concomitantly. The increased monoclonal immunoglobulin IgD λ was detected by immunofixation electrophoresis.DiagnosesDiagnosis of both ALCL and MM was confirmed.InterventionsThe patient successively received 6 cycles of B-CHOD regimen, one cycle of ID regimen, 2 cycles of DHAX regimen, one cycle of L-DA-EPOCH and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Then lenalidomide was performed as a maintenance therapy.OutcomesBoth ALCL and MM achieved complete remission.LessonsWe reported a very rare case with synchronous development of ALCL and MM, in whom a good therapeutic response to chemotherapies followed by ASCT has been observed.

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