• Luis Cea-Calvo, Ignacio Marín-Jiménez, Javier de Toro, María J Fuster-RuizdeApodaca, Gonzalo Fernández, Nuria Sánchez-Vega, and Domingo Orozco-Beltrán.
• Medical Affairs Department, MSD Spain, Madrid, Spain.
• Patient Prefer Adher. 2020 Jan 1; 14: 2439-2450.

PurposeTo investigate relationships between intentional and non-intentional non-adherence behaviors and patient experience with healthcare and beliefs in medications.Patients And MethodsThis is a post hoc analysis of a cross-sectional anonymous survey distributed between May and September 2017 to patients with rheumatic disease, inflammatory bowel disease, HIV infection or diabetes mellitus from outpatient and primary care clinics in Spain. Patients answered five questions about non-adherence behaviors and completed questionnaires on their experience with healthcare (IEXPAC: Instrument to Evaluate the EXperience of PAtients with Chronic diseases) and beliefs about medicines (BMQ: Beliefs About Medicines Questionnaire).ResultsAmong 1530 respondents, 53% showed ≥1 non-adherence behavior; 35% had ≥1 non-intentional non-adherence behavior, and 33% had ≥1 intentional non-adherence behavior. Patients with HIV infection had the lowest frequency of intentional non-adherence behaviors. Non-intentional non-adherence was associated with patient beliefs (inversely with BMQ overall score) and patient experiences (inversely with IEXPAC Factor 3 sub-score, self-management). Intentional non-adherence was strongly associated with beliefs scores (directly with BMQ concerns and inversely with BMQ necessity sub-score) and inversely associated with HIV infection.ConclusionThe different associations of intentional and non-intentional non-adherence behaviors found in this study help to understand how patient experiences and beliefs influence medical non-adherence, and in the development of strategies for reducing non-adherence.© 2020 Cea-Calvo et al.

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