• Jessica D Murillo-Saich, Maria Luisa Vazquez-Villegas, Melissa Ramirez-Villafaña, Ana Miriam Saldaña-Cruz, Javier A Aceves-Aceves, Laura Gonzalez-Lopez, Monica Guma, and Jorge I Gamez-Nava.
• Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Jan 22; 100 (3): e24186.

AbstractMyostatin is a cytokine produced and released by myocytes that might have an outstanding role not only in muscle wasting during cachexia but also in inflammation. Herein we explore the association between myostatin levels and inflammatory parameters in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).One hundred twenty-seven women without rheumatic diseases and 84 women with a diagnosis of RA were assessed in a cross-sectional study. Outcomes reflecting the activity of the arthritis including Disease Activity Score (DAS28-ESR) and impairment in functioning by the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index were assessed in RA. We obtained Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and fat mass index using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Serum myostatin was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Myostatin levels were correlated with disease activity and parameters of muscle mass.The SMI was lower and concentration of myostatin was higher in RA patients than in controls (P = .008 and P < .001, respectively). Myostatin significantly positively correlated with C-reactive protein (rho = 0.48, P < .001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (rho  = 0.28, P = .009), and DAS28-ESR (rho = 0.22, P  = .04), and negatively correlated with SMI (rho = -0.29, P = .008), (FFMI) (rho = -0.24, P = .027). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, levels of myostatin remained associated with disease activity in RA (P = .027).In our study, myostatin was associated with disease activity in RA patients, suggesting a mechanistic link between myostatin, muscle wasting and inflammation in RA.Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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