• Saba Ali Arif, Muhammad Ifraheem Khan, Fatimah Nauman, and Mohammad Ali Arif.
• Saba Ali Arif, MBBS. Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan.
• Pak J Med Sci. 2021 Mar 1; 37 (2): 409-414.

ObjectivesTo determine the association between ethnicity, environmental factors, lifestyle factors, chronic diseases and pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX).MethodsA case control study conducted at four major hospitals in Pakistan from January to November 2019, with 241 cases and 294 controls, aged ≥ 40 years, who were administered a questionnaire assessing demographics, lifestyle factors, chronic diseases and ethnicity. Multivariate binary logistic regression was applied to calculate the odds ratio between cases and controls.ResultsPEX was found to be positively associated with ethnicity (p<0.001), time spent outdoors (p<0.001), educational status (p<0.001), asthma (p<0.001), mean age (p<0.001), daily tea intake (p=0.003), weighted maximum temperature (p<0.001) and weighted mean temperature (p=0.004). Poor association was found with weighted latitude (p=0.526) and weighted minimum temperature (p=0.079). Odds ratios for patients with asthma (OR=7.366, regression coefficient=1.993, p<0.001) Pathan ethnicity (OR=1.616, regression coefficient=0.48, p=0.016) and mean weighted temperature (OR=0.907, regression coefficient-0.097, p=0 .000) were significant in diagnosed cases of PEX.ConclusionIndividuals with Pathan ethnicity and asthmatics should be made aware of the risk of developing PEX and the importance of periodic screening. Limiting exposure to sunlight and cold and reducing the intake of tea may help in reducing in the chances of developing PEX.Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.

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