• Jae Hong An and Yu Cheol Kim.
• Department of Ophthalmology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Mar 19; 100 (11): e25161e25161.

RationaleAn intravitreal dexamethasone (IV-DEX) implant is safe and effective for the treatment of macular edemas; however, the efficacy of IV-DEX implants in silicone oil (SO)-filled eyes remains controversial. There is no previous study comparing an IV-DEX implant in the same eye with and without intravitreal SO.Patient ConcernsA 72-year-old man with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, treated with pars plana vitrectomy with SO tamponade had refractory macular edema.DiagnosisRefractory macular edema.InterventionSubtenon triamcinolone injection, intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection, and IV-DEX implantation were performed; this was followed by intravitreal SO removal combined with IV-DEX implantation.OutcomesThe macular edema did not decrease significantly with posterior subtenon triamcinolone injection, intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection, and IV-DEX implantation; however, the edema was relieved after SO removal and a new IV-DEX implantation.LessonsIV-DEX implant may be less efficacious in the treatment of macular edema in an SO-filled eye than that in a normal vitreous cavity.Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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