• Pediatr. Clin. North Am. · Aug 2018

    Review

    Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis and Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis in Children.

    • Yongdong Zhao and Polly J Ferguson.
    • Pediatric Rheumatology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, MA 7.110, 4800 Sand Point Way Northeast, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
    • Pediatr. Clin. North Am. 2018 Aug 1; 65 (4): 783-800.

    AbstractChronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is an innate immune system disorder that predominantly affects children. It can present as part of a syndrome or in isolation. It presents as bone pain with or without fever or objective swelling at the site. It is difficult to diagnose. Laboratory studies can be normal, whereas a biopsy reveals sterile osteomyelitis. Osteolytic or sclerotic bone changes may be seen on radiographs. However, MRI is more sensitive for detecting CNO and is considered the gold standard for monitoring the disease. Treatment depends on disease severity and includes nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, bisphosphonates, and cytokine inhibitors.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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