• Ine Nieste, Wouter M A Franssen, Jan Spaas, Liesbeth Bruckers, SavelbergHans H C MHHCMNUTRIM - School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands., and Bert O Eijnde.
• SMRC - Sports Medical Research Center, BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; NUTRIM - School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: ine.nieste@uhasselt.be.
• Prev Med. 2021 Jul 1; 148: 106593.

AbstractCardiometabolic comorbidities are highly prevalent in clinical populations, and have been associated (partly) with their sedentary lifestyle. Although lifestyle interventions targeting sedentary behaviour (SB) have been studied extensively in the general population, the effect of such strategies in clinical populations is not yet clear. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of different lifestyle interventions on SB and cardiometabolic health in clinical populations. Randomised controlled trials were collected from five bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they evaluated a lifestyle intervention to reduce objectively measured SB, in comparison with a control intervention among persons with a clinical condition. Data were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. In total, 7094 studies were identified. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were categorised in five population groups: overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular, neurological/cognitive and musculoskeletal diseases. Participants reduced their SB by 64 min/day (95%CI: [-91, -38] min/day; p < 0.001), with larger within-group differences of multicomponent behavioural interventions including motivational counselling, self-monitoring, social facilitation and technologies (-89 min/day; 95%CI: [-132, -46] min/day; p < 0.001). Blood glycated haemoglobin concentration (-0.17%; 95% CI: [-0.30, -0.04]%; p = 0.01), fat percentage (-0.66%; 95% CI: [-1.26, -0.06]%, p = 0.03) and waist circumference (-1.52 cm; 95%CI: [-2.84, -0.21] cm; p = 0.02) were significantly reduced in the intervention groups compared to control groups. Behavioural lifestyle interventions reduce SB among clinical populations and improve cardiometabolic risk markers such as waist circumference, fat percentage, and glycaemic control. Sedentary behaviour, Cardiometabolic health, Clinical populations.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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