• Heli V Brandão, Graciete O Vieira, Tatiana O Vieira, Álvaro A Cruz, Armênio C Guimarães, Carlos Teles, Paulo Camargos, and Constança M S Cruz.
• Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Departamento de Saúde, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil. Electronic address: helivb.fsa@gmail.com.
• J Pediatr (Rio J). 2017 May 1; 93 (3): 223-229.

ObjectiveTo verify whether the occurrence of acute viral bronchiolitis in the first year of life constitutes a risk factor for asthma at age 6 considering a parental history of asthma.MethodsCross-sectional study in a cohort of live births. A standardized questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood was applied to the mothers to identify asthma in children at the age of 6 years. Acute viral bronchiolitis diagnosis was performed by maternal report of a medical diagnosis and/or presence of symptoms of coryza accompanied by cough, tachypnea, and dyspnea when participants were 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Socioeconomic, environmental data, parental history of asthma, and data related to pregnancy were collected in the first 72h of life of the newborn and in prospective home visits by trained interviewers. The association between acute viral bronchiolitis and asthma was evaluated by logistic regression analysis and potential modifier effect of parental history was verified by introducing an interaction term into the adjusted logistic regression model.ResultsPrevalence of acute viral bronchiolitis in the first year of life was 68.6% (461). The occurrence of acute viral bronchiolitis was a risk factor for asthma at 6 years of age in children with parental history of asthma OR: 2.66, 95% CI (1.10-6.40), modifier effect p=0.002. Parental history of asthma OR: 2.07, 95% CI (1.29-3.30) and male gender OR: 1.69, 95% CI, (1.06-2.69) were other identified risk factors for asthma.ConclusionAcute viral bronchiolitis in the first year of life is a risk factor for asthma in children with parental history of asthma.Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.

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