• Ubolrat Piamjariyakul, Angel Smothers, Stephanie Young, Trisha Petitte, Sijin Wen, Elizabeth Morrissey, Saima Shafique, Rafia Zulfikar, Rahul Sangani, and Carol E Smith.
• School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
• J Adv Nurs. 2020 Apr 16.

AimTo pilot test a home end-of-life and palliative care intervention for family caregivers and patients with rare advanced lung diseases and to estimate effect-size for the power analysis in a future clinical trial.DesignThis study uses a parallel randomized control trial. Families are randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group in a 1:1 fashion.MethodsThe study population includes patients with rare advanced lung diseases and their family caregivers who are involved in patients' home care. The control group receives standard care through their hospital or outpatient clinics. The intervention group receives standard care plus 2-weekly home end-of-life and palliative care coaching by experienced community nurses. Primary outcome is breathlessness measured by shortness of breath scale. Secondary outcomes are: (a) caregivers' anxiety and depression measures; (b) the presence of patient's signed advance directives in the medical record or not; and (c) Helpfulness of intervention measured by self-report Helpfulness scale. The study was funded in October 2018 and received ethical Institutional Review Board approval in February 2019.DiscussionWest Virginia has one of the highest incidence rates of lung disease deaths in the nation. However, there is inadequate home end-of-life and palliative care for this underserved population. This is an initial interventional study of nurse-led coaching home-based palliative care for rare advanced lung diseases in rural Appalachia. Developing research collaboration with clinicians is essential for enrolment. Enrolment was successful due to regular meetings with pulmonologists who screened patients per the study inclusion criteria in their specialty clinic and made direct referrals to the research assistants. Results of this study will be used in the future trial.ImpactThe findings will contribute to the evidence-based home nursing care, planning for family/patient preferences and supportive end-of-life palliative care for managing advanced lung diseases at home.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03813667; registered January 23, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03813667.© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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