• Eur. J. Cancer · Nov 2013

    Multicenter Study

    Hepatitis B virus reactivation in B-cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab: analysis from the Asia Lymphoma Study Group.

    • Seok Jin Kim, Chiun Hsu, Yu-Qin Song, Kevin Tay, Xiao-Nan Hong, Junning Cao, Jin Seok Kim, Hyeon Seok Eom, Joon Hyeok Lee, Jun Zhu, Kian-Meng Chang, Arry Harryanto Reksodiputro, Daryl Tan, Yeow Tee Goh, Jejung Lee, Tanin Intragumtornchai, Wee-Joo Chng, Ann-Lii Cheng, Soon Thye Lim, Cheolwon Suh, Yok-Lam Kwong, and Won Seog Kim.
    • Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
    • Eur. J. Cancer. 2013 Nov 1; 49 (16): 3486-96.

    BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is increasing, as rituximab has become widely used for B-cell lymphoma. Thus, prevention and management of HBV reactivation are important in HBV-endemic areas.MethodsHepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive patients and HBsAg-negative/HBV core antibody (HBcAb)-positive patients who received rituximab-containing chemotherapy was investigated by the Asia Lymphoma Study Group via retrospective (n=340), and the results were compared to cross-sectional analysis with patients who were prospectively monitored in a single institute (n=127). The goal of the study was to define the frequency of HBV reactivation and the efficacy of antiviral prophylaxis.ResultsHBV reactivation was found in 27.8% of HBsAg-positive patients (45/162) in the retrospective analysis, being significantly less frequent in patients receiving antiviral prophylaxis than those not (22.9%, 32/140 versus 59.1%, 13/22; p<0.001). Lamivudine was most commonly used (96/162, 59.3%), but more than 20% of HBsAg-positive patients showed breakthrough HBV reactivation. In the cross-sectional analysis, a reduced rate of HBV reactivation occurred for entecavir as compared with lamivudine prophylaxis (6.3% versus 39.3%; p<0.05). HBV DNA monitoring of HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive patients in the cross-sectional analysis showed HBV reactivation in only 2.4% of cases.ConclusionsThis is the largest study of HBV reactivation in patients receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy to date, and we defined the probability of HBV reactivation in an HBV-endemic region.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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