• Alaaddin Yilmaz, Guillaume S C Geuzebroek, Bart P Van Putte, Lucas V A Boersma, Uday Sonker, Jacques M T De Bakker, and Wim-Jan Van Boven.
• Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
• Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010 Sep 1; 38 (3): 356-60.

ObjectivePercutaneous catheter pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has been the preferred choice for invasive treatment of symptomatic, drug-refractory lone atrial fibrillation (AF). Incomplete ablation lines, procedure-related morbidity and long-term success remain, however, a problem. A minimally invasive surgical approach can provide an attractive and secure alternative. Surgery offers an epicardial, bipolar approach under direct vision, but the invasiveness of surgery remains a problem. Therefore, we developed a completely thoracoscopic procedure. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of a completely thoracoscopic surgical procedure to cure lone AF.MethodsBilateral 'video-assisted thoracoscopy' was performed to isolate the bilateral pairs of pulmonary veins using bipolar RF-energy, to ablate the ganglionic plexus (GP) and to amputate the left atrial appendage. Preoperative, in-hospital and follow-up data were collected for our first 30 patients.ResultsAF was paroxysmal in 63%, persistent in 27% and permanent in 10% of cases. The mean (+ or - SD) left atrial diameter was 42.1 + or - 7.4mm and the mean duration of AF was 79.0 + or - 63.9 months. Freedom from AF was obtained in 77% of the patients during a mean follow-up of 11.6 months. Forty-three percent of the patients had previously undergone a percutaneous PVI and were all free from AF during follow-up. Mean operation time was 137.4 + or - 24.7 min. All patients were extubated in the operating room and left the recovery room within 12 h. The mean hospital stay was 5.1 + or - 1.8 days. Two patients ultimately underwent a median sternotomy. No CVAs or pacemaker implantation were identified and none of the patients died.ConclusionWe report our initial experience of a completely thoracoscopic PVI with GP-ablation and amputation of the left atrial appendage and demonstrate that the procedure is feasible, safe and effective for the treatment of lone AF.Copyright 2010 European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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