• Sotaro Ooto, Masanori Hangai, Kohei Takayama, Naoko Ueda-Arakawa, Yukiko Makiyama, Masaaki Hanebuchi, and Nagahisa Yoshimura.
• Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
• Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2014 Aug 21; 55 (9): 5932-43.

PurposeTo assess photoreceptor structure in macular microholes by using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and compare with visual acuity.MethodsFourteen eyes from 12 patients with macular microholes underwent a full ophthalmologic examination and imaging with a fundus camera, SD-OCT, and an original prototype AO-SLO system at each visit.ResultsAll eyes had a cone outer segment tip line disruption and a normal retinal pigment epithelium line on SD-OCT images. Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy revealed foveal cone disruption (13 eyes, round or oval; 1 eye, T-shaped) in all eyes. Cone disruption area (mean = 14,805 ± 9120 μm(2); range, 3495-35,901 μm(2)) positively correlated with logMAR visual acuity at the first visit (P = 0.015, rs = 0.679). During the follow-up period, cone disruption area increased in two eyes, was stable in seven eyes, and decreased in five eyes. At the last visit, cone disruption area (mean = 8717 ± 7432 μm(2); range, 0-25,746 μm(2)) also positively correlated with logMAR visual acuity (P = 0.035, rs = 0.610). In one patient with bilateral microholes and no apparent vitreous traction, lesion size gradually increased. Cone disruption area decreased and visual acuity improved following oral prednisone therapy.ConclusionsCone disruption occurs in eyes with macular microholes and a larger cone disruption area translates into a poorer visual acuity. Macular microholes, which are commonly observed as foveal cone inner and outer segment disruptions, may occur in eyes with or without vitreofoveal traction.Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.

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