• John M Maris, Christopher L Morton, Richard Gorlick, E Anders Kolb, Richard Lock, Hernan Carol, Stephen T Keir, C Patrick Reynolds, Min H Kang, Jianrong Wu, Malcolm A Smith, and Peter J Houghton.
• Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, USA. maris@chop.edu
• Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010 Jul 15; 55 (1): 26-34.

BackgroundMLN8237 is a small molecule inhibitor of Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) that is currently in early phase clinical testing. AURKA plays a pivotal role in centrosome maturation and spindle formation during mitosis.ProceduresMLN8237 was tested against the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program (PPTP) in vitro panel at concentrations ranging from 1.0 nM to 10 microM and was tested against the PPTP in vivo panels at a dose of 20 mg/kg administered orally twice daily x 5 days. Treatment duration was 6 weeks for solid tumor xenografts and 3 weeks for ALL xenografts.ResultsMLN8237 had a median IC(50) of 61 nM against the PPTP in vitro panel. The ALL cell lines were more sensitive and the rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines less sensitive than the remaining PPTP cell lines. In vivo, MLN8237 induced significant differences in event-free survival (EFS) distributions compared to controls in 32/40 (80%) solid tumor models and all (6/6) ALL models. Maintained complete responses (CRs) were observed in 3 of 7 neuroblastoma xenografts, and all 6 evaluable ALL xenografts achieved CR (n = 4) or maintained CR (n = 2) status. Maintained CRs were observed among single xenografts in other panels, including the Wilms tumor, rhabdoid tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and medulloblastoma.ConclusionsThe in vivo activity observed against the neuroblastoma panel far exceeds that observed for standard agents evaluated against the panel by the PPTP. High levels of in vivo activity were also observed against the ALL xenograft panel. These data support expedited clinical development of MLN8237 in childhood cancer.

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