• Int J Law Psychiatry · Jan 2005

    Canadian compulsory community treatment laws: recent reforms.

    • John E Gray and Richard L O'Reilly.
    • Adult Mental Health Services, Ministry of Health Services, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. jegray@shaw.ca
    • Int J Law Psychiatry. 2005 Jan 1; 28 (1): 13-22.

    AbstractThis paper addresses the principles underlying compulsory community treatment (CCT) and discusses the different provisions in Canada's twelve jurisdictions. Comparisons with different models of CCT in other countries are also drawn. CCT is not only intended to reduce relapses it is also a "least restrictive" alternative to in-patient detention. Seven of the twelve Canadian mental health acts allow conditional leave from hospital. Two jurisdictions provide community treatment orders, but require two or three previous in-patient admissions. Criteria for CCT, in most jurisdictions, includes that there is a "likelihood of significant mental or physical deterioration". The requirement for previous hospitalization for CCT in Canada, unlike other countries, precludes CCT for use with first episode patients. Some jurisdictions require consent for CCT. Most jurisdictions explicitly state that the services necessary for the CCT conditions must be available.

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