• Gerhard C Hildebrandt, Miguell Granell, Alvaro Urbano-Ispizua, Daniel Wolff, Bernd Hertenstein, Hildegard T Greinix, Julia Brenmoehl, Christian Schulz, Anne M Dickinson, Joachim Hahn, Gerhard Rogler, Reinhard Andreesen, and Ernst Holler.
• Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Regensburg Medical School, Regensburg, Germany. gerhard.hildebrandt@klinik.uni-regensburg.de
• Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 2008 Jan 1; 14 (1): 67-74.

AbstractBronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a serious complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the NOD2/CARD15 gene (=NOD2/CARD15 variants) contribute to changes in host defense and subsequent alloreaction, leading to BO. We analyzed 427 donor-recipient pairs for the association of NOD2/CARD15 variants (SNP8 [Arg702Trp], SNP12 [Gly908Arg], and SNP13 [Leu1007fsinsC]) with BO occurrence. Overall, 11 patients (2.6%) developed BO. The cumulative incidence of BO rose from 1.3% in donor-recipient pairs without mutation to 18.7% in pairs with donor or recipient NOD2/CARD15 variants (P < .001). Recipient NOD2/CARD15 variants alone led to BO in 22.3% (P < .001), whereas donor variants alone associated with BO in 13.2% (P = .04). Multivariate analysis proved recipient but not donor NOD2/CARD15 variants to be a novel independent risk factor for BO development, and NOD2/CARD15 typing may help identify patients at increased risk for BO.

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