• Erik A Johannessen, Lei Wang, Li Cui, Tong Boon Tang, Mansour Ahmadian, Alexander Astaras, Stuart W J Reid, Philippa S Yam, Alan F Murray, Brian W Flynn, Steve P Beaumont, David R S Cumming, and Jonathan M Cooper.
• Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Rankine Building, Oakfield Avenue, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK. e.johannessen@elec.gla.ac.uk
• IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2004 Mar 1; 51 (3): 525-35.

AbstractA novel microelectronic "pill" has been developed for in situ studies of the gastro-intestinal tract, combining microsensors and integrated circuits with system-level integration technology. The measurement parameters include real-time remote recording of temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen. The unit comprises an outer biocompatible capsule encasing four microsensors, a control chip, a discrete component radio transmitter, and two silver oxide cells (the latter providing an operating time of 40 h at the rated power consumption of 12.1 mW). The sensors were fabricated on two separate silicon chips located at the front end of the capsule. The robust nature of the pill makes it adaptable for use in a variety of environments related to biomedical and industrial applications.

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