• Christopher Sumey and Thomas W Flaig.
• University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mail Stop 8117, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Room L18-8117, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Thomas.Flaig@ucdenver.edu
• Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2011 Jan 1; 12 (1): 73-84.

Importance Of The FieldProstate cancer is a common cancer and the role of adjuvant medical therapy continues to be investigated. An understanding of the use of adjuvant medical therapy is essential for the appropriate care of prostate cancer patients, especially for those with locally advanced or high-risk disease.Areas Covered In This ReviewThis article reviews the role of adjuvant treatment of non-metastatic prostate cancer. To identify all pertinent publications, a literature search of the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) from inception to 22 June 2010 was conducted for 'adjuvant prostate cancer', with these results filtered for clinical trials and systematic reviews.What The Reader Will GainThis work reviews the uses of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy and chemotherapy for prostate cancer. There is a clear benefit from the use of androgen deprivation therapy in conjunction with radiation therapy for selected patients, but the role of postoperative chemotherapy is poorly defined. Identifying appropriate patients for adjuvant therapy continues to be a challenge.Take Home MessageThere is a complex literature describing the role of adjuvant medical therapy in prostate cancer, which is reviewed here. Continuing and future clinical trials will define the utility of adjuvant therapy in this setting and require the support of the clinical community.

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