• N. Z. Med. J. · Oct 2019

    Urinary and faecal incontinence: psychological factors and management recommendations.

    • Kenley Lj Kuoch, Geoffrey S Hebbard, Helen E O'Connell, David W Austin, and Simon R Knowles.
    • PhD (Psychology) Candidate, Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
    • N. Z. Med. J. 2019 Oct 4; 132 (1503): 25-33.

    BackgroundUrinary and faecal incontinence substantially impacts upon physical health and is associated with significant psychological distress and reduced quality of life. Due to stigma and embarrassment, many patients do not present for management of their incontinence.AimThe objective of this article is to summarise the forms and causes of urinary and faecal incontinence, highlight the psychological mechanisms and psychopathology associated with incontinence, and provide management recommendations.ConclusionUrinary and faecal incontinence can have a significant impact on an individual's psychological wellbeing and quality of life. Psychological factors may either contribute to or arise from incontinence and should be addressed as part of the overall management plan.

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