• Jonathan A Niconchuk and Mark W Newton.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
• Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2022 Jun 1; 35 (3): 351-356.

Purpose Of ReviewThe SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the inequities in access to healthcare while also revealing our global connectivity. These inequities are emblematic of decades of underinvestment in healthcare systems, education, and research in low-middle income countries (LMICs), especially in surgery and anesthesiology. Five billion people remain without access to safe surgery, and we must take appropriate action now.Recent FindingsThe pediatric perioperative mortality in low-resourced settings may be as high as 100 times greater than in high-resourced settings, and a pediatric surgery workforce density benchmark of 4/1 million population could increase survivability to over 80%. Delay in treatment for congenital surgically correctable issues dramatically increases disability-adjusted life years. Appropriate academic partnerships which promote education are desired but the lack of authorship position priority for LMIC-based researchers must be addressed. Five perioperative benchmark indicators have been published including: geospatial access to care within 2 h of location; workforce/100,000 population; volume of surgery/100,000 population; perioperative mortality within 30 days of surgery or until discharged; and risks for catastrophic expenditure from surgical care.SummaryResearch that determines ethical and acceptable partnership development between high- and low-resourced settings focusing on education and capacity building needs to be standardized and followed.Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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