• Nanda Yuli Rahmawati, Fadhil Ahsan, Budi Santoso, Alfin Firasy Mufid, Ashon Sa'adi, Sri Ratna Dwiningsih, Arif Tunjungseto, and Muhammad Yohanes Ardianta Widyanugraha.
• Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, 60286 Surabaya, Indonesia.
• Pain Med. 2023 Nov 2; 24 (11): 126212691262-1269.

ObjectiveTo evaluate interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-12p70 levels in serum and peritoneal fluid in women related to infertility and pelvic pain.MethodsEighty-seven women were diagnosed with endometriosis or cases related to infertility. IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-12p70 levels in serum and peritoneal fluid were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pain assessment was evaluated by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score.ResultsSerum IL-6 and IL-12p70 levels increased in women with endometriosis compared to the control group. Serum and peritoneal IL-8 and IL-12p70 levels correlated with VAS scores in infertile women. A positive correlation was also found between peritoneal IL-1β and IL-6 with VAS score. A significant difference in peritoneal IL-1β levels was associated with menstrual pelvic pain, while peritoneal IL-8 levels were related to dyspareunia, menstrual, and post-menstrual pelvic pain in infertile women.ConclusionsAn association of IL-8 and IL-12p70 levels were related to pain in endometriosis, as well as a relationship between cytokine expression and VAS score. Further studies should be addressed to investigate the precise mechanism of cytokine-related pain in endometriosis.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Academy of Pain Medicine. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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