• Jessica A Wilcox, Rachel Estrera, and Adrienne Boire.
• Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
• Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2023 Nov 1; 27 (11): 695706695-706.

Purpose Of ReviewHeadaches are a common, oftentimes debilitating symptom in patients with leptomeningeal metastases.Recent FindingsThe third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders provides a useful diagnostic framework for headaches secondary to leptomeningeal metastases based on the temporal relationship of headache with disease onset, change in headache severity in correlation with leptomeningeal disease burden, and accompanying neurologic signs such as cranial nerve palsies and encephalopathy. However, headaches in patients with leptomeningeal metastases can be further defined by a wide range of varying cancer- and treatment-related pathophysiologies, each requiring a tailored approach. A thorough review of the literature and expert opinion on five observed headache sub-classifications in patients with leptomeningeal metastases is provided, with attention to necessary diagnostic testing, recommended first-line treatments, and prevention strategies.© 2023. The Author(s).

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