• Richard J Banchs and Jerrold Lerman.
• Department of Anesthesiology (MC515), University of Illinois Medical Center, Children's Hospital University of Illinois, 1740 West Taylor Street, Suite 3200 West, Chicago, IL 60612-7239, USA.
• Anesthesiol Clin. 2014 Mar 1;32(1):1-23.

AbstractPreoperative anxiolysis is important for children scheduled for surgery. The nature of the anxiety depends on several factors, including age, temperament, past hospitalizations, and socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds. A panoply of interventions effect anxiolysis, including parental presence, distraction, and premedication, although no single strategy is effective for all ages. Emergence delirium (ED) occurs after the use of sevoflurane and desflurane in preschool-aged children in the recovery room. Symptoms usually last approximately 15 minutes and resolve spontaneously. The Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium scale is used to diagnose ED and evaluate therapeutic interventions for ED such as propofol and opioids.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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