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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Apr 2010
Calcium scores and matrix Gla protein levels: association with vitamin K status.
- Roger J M W Rennenberg, Peter W de Leeuw, Alphons G H Kessels, Leon J Schurgers, Cees Vermeer, Jos M A van Engelshoven, Gerrit J Kemerink, and Abraham A Kroon.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+) and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands. r.rennenberg@mumc.nl
- Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2010 Apr 1; 40 (4): 344349344-9.
BackgroundVascular calcification in humans is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Carboxylated matrix Gla protein (cMGP) inhibits vascular calcification. Vitamin K is an essential cofactor for the activation of uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein (ucMGP). It has been suggested that patients on long-term treatment with vitamin K antagonists develop aortic valve calcifications because of lower levels of circulating MGP. We therefore hypothesized that arterial calcification and a low vitamin K status are associated with ucMGP. To that aim, we measured arterial calcium scores, the osteocalcin ratio (OCR), as a proxy for vitamin K status, and ucMGP.Materials And MethodsIn 36 hypertensive patients, we determined the Agatston score with computer tomography scans of the abdominal aorta, carotid and coronary arteries. The total calcium score was calculated as the sum of the separate Z-scores.ResultsThe total calcium Z-score was significantly correlated to age (r = 0.683, P < 0.001), smoking (r = 0.372, P = 0.026), total cholesterol (r = 0.353, P = 0.034), LDL cholesterol (r = 0.490, P = 0.003), triglycerides (r = 0.506, P = 0.002), fasting glucose (r = 0.454, P = 0.005), systolic blood pressure (r = 0.363, P = 0.029) and pulse pressure (r = 0.685, P < 0.001). In multivariate regression analyses, OCR and total calcium score were significantly associated with ucMGP.ConclusionsWe found a positive association of total arterial calcium score and a high OCR (reflecting low vitamin K status) with ucMGP serum levels. This warrants further studies to explore the pathophysiological background of this phenomenon.
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