• Maryam Tayefi, Mahmoud Ebrahimi, Saffar SoflaeiSaraSInternational UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Sania Saljoughian, Najmeh Jaberi, Majid Khadem Rezaiyan, Farzad Rahmani, Mohsen Moohebati, Habibollah Esmaily, ParizadehSeyed Mohammad RezaSMRBiochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Ali Reza Heidari-Bakavoli, Mohammad Safarian, Mohsen Nematy, Mahmoud Reza Azarpazhooh, Gordon A Ferns, and Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan.
• Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
• Arch Iran Med. 2023 Jun 1; 26 (6): 310315310-315.

BackgroundAnemia is a serious public health problem which may be associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and brain damage. This survey aims to determine the prevalence of anemia and its association with demographic and biochemical factors and metabolic syndrome in a human sample derived from the MASHAD cohort study.MethodsThis survey was conducted on a sub-sample of 9847 individuals aged 35 to 65 as part of the MASHAD cohort study. Demographic characteristics and biochemical and anthropometrics indices were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.ResultsAnemia was seen in 11.5% of the population. Anemia was significantly more prevalent in younger subject (P<0.001), females (P<0.001) and those with elevated body mass index (BMI) (P<0.001). Mean high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was higher in anemic participant (P=0.032). The incidence of anemia was significantly lower in smokers (P<0.001) and also participant with hypertension (HTN) (P<0.001), diabetes mellitus (DM) (P<0.001) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) (P<0.001). Mean FBG (P<0.001), TG (P<0.001), total cholesterol (P<0.001), LDL (P<0.001) and uric acid (P<0.001) were significantly lower in anemic subjects. Cholesterol, MetS, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), BMI, uric acid, diabetes mellitus and also TG remained significantly different after multivariate analysis between anemic and healthy participants.ConclusionThe studied population had a lower prevalence of anemia compared to the previous WHO report for Iranians. Iron deficiency is recognized as the most important cause of anemia in Iran; however, further investigations will be need to confirm this pattern. We demonstrated that anemia is adversely associated with MetS and DM.© 2023 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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