• Feihu Tang, Yong Cui, and Yuan Gao.
• Department of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang City, Shandong, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Apr 26; 103 (17): e37985e37985.

RationaleMalignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare clinical disease. Although there are several reports describing intraperitoneal mesothelioma of the lung, liver, and intestine, retroperitoneal mesothelioma is, to our knowledge, very rare and rarely reported. In recent years, our best clinical protocols for the treatment and diagnosis of retroperitoneal mesothelioma have not been proven and the diagnosis and treatment are challenging.Patient ConcernsA 37-year-old Chinese woman complained of bilateral low back pain for a month, with obvious symptoms of low back pain on the left side. To treat low back pain, retroperitoneal masses were found during physical examination. The patient consulted a urological specialist for further treatment.DiagnosisAfter the operation, pathological biopsy confirmed retroperitoneal epithelioid diffuse mesothelioma.InterventionsAfter exclusion of surgical contraindications, the patient underwent laparoscopic retroperitoneal lesion resection under tracheal intubation and general anesthesia, and the operation was successful.OutcomesOn the tenth day after surgery, the patient vital signs were stable, and he was discharged.LessonsPatients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma may have no typical clinical symptoms, and the diagnosis is based on pathological and immunohistochemical examination. In selected patients, surgical cell reduction and intraoperative intraperitoneal heat chemotherapy have become the first choice of treatment, which can achieve ideal therapeutic effects and prolong survival.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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