• Mustafa Yilmaz, Başak Soran Turkcan, Ata Niyazi Ecevit, Yasemin Özdemir Şahan, and Atakan Atalay.
• Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery - Ankara, Turkey.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2024 Jan 1; 70 (5): e20231626e20231626.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the effectiveness of resection and extended end-to-end anastomosis between neonate and infant patients with coarctation.MethodsThis study was designed retrospectively and included 41 neonate (<30 days) and infant (30 days to 1 year) patients who were operated on using the resection and extended end-to-end anastomosis technique for aortic coarctation. Preoperative aortic annulus diameters and Z scores, all aortic arch diameters and Z scores, the presence of hypoplastic aortic segment, and the presence of prematurity were reviewed in both groups. Subsequently, we investigated whether these parameters were statistically related to the residual gradient in the operation area, whether there was a need for early re-intervention, and what was the incidence of mortality in the early postoperative period. In addition, the aortic arch Z scores of the patients at 6 months postoperatively were examined.ResultsWhile the mean age (p<0.001), body weight (p<0.001), and proximal arch Z score (p=0.029) were found to be significantly lower in the neonate group than in the infant group, the total length of the intensive care unit stay (p=0.013) and the total length of hospital stay (p=0.017) were found to be significantly higher. In addition, significant enlargement was detected in the proximal arch, distal arch, and isthmus segments in both patient groups.ConclusionThe resection and extended end-to-end anastomosis is an equally effective technique that can provide a marked decrease in gradient in the coarctation area and a significant enlargement of the aortic arch segments in the early period after coarctation repair in both neonate and infant patients.

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