• Donatella Padula, Aurelio Mauro, Paolo Maggioni, Hayato Kurihara, Antonio Di Sabatino, and Andrea Anderloni.
• Emergency Department and Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F Sforza 35, Milan, Italy.
• Intern Emerg Med. 2024 Jun 8.

AbstractThe purpose of this review is to provide a practical guide for the clinical care of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) from the management of the early phases of disease to the treatment of local complications. AP is one of the most frequent causes of gastroenterological admission in emergency departments. It is characterized by a dynamic and unpredictable course and in its most severe forms, is associated with organ dysfunction and/or local complications, requiring intensive care with significant morbidity and mortality. Initial therapy includes adequate fluid resuscitation, nutrition, analgesia, and when necessary critical care support. In recent years, the development of minimally invasive tailored treatments for local complications, such as endoscopic drainage, has improved patients' acceptance and outcomes. Despite this, the management of AP remains a challenge for clinicians. The present review was conducted by the authors, who formulated specific questions addressing the most critical and current aspects of the clinical course of AP with the aim of providing key messages.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Medicina Interna (SIMI).

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