• Mehmet Akif Dündar, Mustafa Yılmaz, and Mustafa Argun.
• Health Sciences University, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Intensive Care - Kayseri, Turkey.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2024 Jan 1; 70 (7): e20240257e20240257.

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of levosimendan as an alternative treatment for pediatric patients with decompensated heart failure unresponsive to conventional inotropes and to emphasize its role in enhancing cardiovascular stability.MethodsA total of 15 pediatric patients with decompensated heart failure, stemming from acute fulminant myocarditis (53.3%) and post-congenital heart disease surgery complications (46.7%), received levosimendan. The evaluation focused on adverse effects, respiratory support requirements, and concurrent inotropic medication use during levosimendan treatment. Key cardiovascular parameters were assessed at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h post-levosimendan infusion.ResultsLevosimendan administration significantly improved key cardiovascular metrics. Left ventricular ejection fraction increased notably from 45±14.8% to 58±15.6% at 24 h (p<0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures rose significantly, with systolic increasing from 79 (68-90) to 98 (89-109) mmHg and diastolic from 47 (40-57) to 66 (54-76) mmHg by 24 h (p<0.001). Heart rate decreased from 162 (111-175) to 132 (99-148) bpm (p=0.02), and lactate levels significantly decreased from 4.15 (2.3-6.5) to 1.85 (0.8-2.6) mmol/L within 6 h (p<0.001).ConclusionLevosimendan demonstrates its significance in managing pediatric heart failure, indicating its safety and potential to enhance cardiac outcomes by reducing reliance on traditional inotropes.

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