• Lucrezia Zerillo, Immacolata Polvere, Romania Stilo, Pasquale Vito, Michele Rinaldi, Tiziana Zotti, and Ciro Costagliola.
• Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy; Genus Biotech, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy.
• Neuroscience. 2024 Aug 30; 554: 1101-10.

AbstractGlucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used as powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapeutics in multiple pathological conditions. However, compelling evidence indicates that they might promote neurodegeneration by altering mitochondrial homeostatic processes. Although the effect of dexamethasone on cell survival and homeostasis has been widely investigated, the effect of other glucocorticoids needs to be explored in more detail. In this report, we have compared the neurotoxicity induced by dexamethasone, prednisolone, betamethasone, and hydrocortisone in cultured neuroblastoma cells, through the analysis of several parameters such as cell viability, ER stress, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial fusion and fission markers. Interestingly, we have found that synthetic glucocorticoids may impact neuronal viability by affecting different cellular responses, suggesting that their therapeutic use should be consciously decided after careful consideration of benefits and detrimental effects.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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