• Gili Kroitoro Man-El, Amir Wiser, Ishai Heusler, Sydney Benchetrit, Netanella Miller, Tal Biron-Shental, Tali Zitman-Gal, and Einat Haikin Herzberger.
• Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
• Isr Med Assoc J. 2024 Oct 1; 26 (9): 560565560-565.

BackgroundGalactin-3 has been found to be involved in oocyte maturation, folliculogenesis, implantation, and placentation. The expression of Galactin-3 in the endometrium of women who have successfully undergone in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been suggested as a potential biomarker for predicting successful embryo implantation.ObjectivesTo evaluate the expression of Galactin-3 in the sera and follicular fluid of women during IVF cycles.MethodsThis prospective research included 21 women undergoing IVF treatments. Blood samples were taken at four points: day 2 before starting stimulation, trigger day, day of oocyte retrieval, and day of the β-human chorionic gonadotropin level test. In addition, follicular fluid samples were taken on the day of oocyte retrieval. Galactin-3 protein levels were measured in serum and follicular fluid using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsGalactin-3 levels on the stimulation day were positively correlated to estradiol levels on the day of the trigger (0.59, P = 0.02). Among women who achieved pregnancy compared to those who did not, Galectin-3 serum levels were higher on the day of the trigger (17.93 ± 4.35 ng/ml vs. 11.01 ± 3.73 ng/ml, P = 0.015).ConclusionsThese findings may imply a potential role of Galectin-3 on the success of IVF treatments, underscoring the potential importance of inflammatory processes in fertility.

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