• Xijian Hu, Jing Chai, Bin Zhang, and Chengguang Hu.
• Graduate School, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Nov 1; 103 (44): e40249e40249.

RationalePrimary pulmonary alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is an extremely rare disease characterized by a specific genetic abnormality - the ASPSCR1-TFE3 gene fusion.Patient ConcernsThis study presented a 27-year-old male patient who experienced persistent chest tightness for over 6 months.DiagnosesThe computed tomography (CT) scan and enhanced CT scan revealed a mass in the medial segment of the right middle lobe of his lung. The patients then underwent further diagnosis. Pathological examination showed the tumor to be consisting of polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic or transparent cytoplasm arranged in nests. Next-generation sequencing reported ASPSCR1-TFE3 gene fusion, confirming the final diagnosis of primary pulmonary ASPS. Regular follow-ups of 12 months showed no signs of tumor recurrence.InterventionsThe patients underwent the medial segment resection of the right middle lobe for treatment.OutcomesA CT examination 3 months after the operation showed that the patient had improved. The last review showed no recurrence or metastasis.LessonsThis case report highlights the importance of detailed diagnosis, prompt treatment, and close monitoring of patients with ASPS.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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