• Darryl Abrams and Daniel Brodie.
• Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, PH 8E 101, New York, NY 10032, USA.
• Clin. Chest Med. 2014 Dec 1;35(4):765-79.

AbstractThe early history of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for adult patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) evolved slowly over decades, a consequence of extracorporeal technology with high risk and unclear benefit. However, advances in component technology, accumulating evidence, and growing experience in recent years have resulted in a resurgence of interest in ECMO. Extracorporeal support, though currently lacking high-level evidence, has the potential to improve outcomes, including survival, in ARDS. In the near future, novel extracorporeal management strategies may, in fact, lead to a new paradigm in the approach to certain patients with ARDS.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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