• Sara Dichtwald, Idit Matot, and Sharon Einav.
• Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Sourasky Medical Center affiliated with the Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
• Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2009 Mar 1;13(1):19-30.

AbstractCardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques were introduced more than 50 years ago, yet the rate of survival from cardiac arrest, particularly in the hospital setting, remains dismally low. This article reviews the prevalence, etiology, and outcome of in-hospital cardiac arrest, with a focus on the determinants of outcome that are amenable to improvement. These include principally components of basic life support that may be supported by either prompting or mechanical assistance (eg, chest compression, ventilation, and defibrillation). Also reviewed are preevent and postevent effectors such as medical staff skills and recognition of impending arrest, induction of mild hypothermia, and stabilization after return of spontaneous circulation.

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