• Romain Guedj, Simon Escoda, Philippe Blakime, Géraldine Patteau, Francis Brunelle, and Gérard Cheron.
• Departments of aPediatric Emergency bPediatric Radiology, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital cMedical School, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
• Eur J Emerg Med. 2015 Apr 1; 22 (2): 135-8.

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of renal point of care ultrasound (POCUS) for the detection of hydronephrosis in children with a urinary tract infection (UTI). We prospectively included all patients with a final diagnosis of UTI who visited our pediatric emergency department between November 2009 and April 2011. Emergency physicians were encouraged to perform a renal POCUS during these visits, and a follow-up renal ultrasonography was performed by a radiologist who was blinded to the results of POCUS. We calculated the accuracy of POCUS to detect hydronephrosis (renal pelvis enlargement ≥10 mm). We included 433 UTI visits, and 382 (88.2%) POCUS were performed. The sensitivity and the specificity were 76.5% (95% confidence interval: 58.1-94.6%) and 97.2% (95.2-99.2%), respectively. The positive and the negative predictive values were 59.1% (36.4-79.3%) and 98.8% (97.7-99.9%), respectively. Renal POCUS might be used to rule out hydronephrosis in pediatric UTI.

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