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- Gilbert Seda, Sheila Tsai, and Teofilo Lee-Chiong.
- Department of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Naval Medical Center San Diego, 34730 Bob Wilson Drive, Building 3-3, Suite 301, San Diego, CA 92134, USA. Electronic address: gilbert.seda@gmail.com.
- Clin. Chest Med. 2014 Sep 1; 35 (3): 557-69.
AbstractSleep respiration is regulated by circadian, endocrine, mechanical and chemical factors, and characterized by diminished ventilatory drive and changes in Pao2 and Paco2 thresholds. Hypoxemia and hypercapnia are more pronounced during rapid eye movement. Breathing is influenced by sleep stage and airway muscle tone. Patient factors include medical comorbidities and body habitus. Medications partially improve obstructive sleep apnea and stabilize periodic breathing at altitude. Potential adverse consequences of medications include precipitation or worsening of disorders. Risk factors for adverse medication effects include aging, medical disorders, and use of multiple medications that affect respiration.Published by Elsevier Inc.
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