• Masahiko Onaka and Hiromitsu Yamamoto.
• Department of Anesthesia, Shunjukai Shiroyama Hospital, Habikino 583-0852
• Masui. 2004 Feb 1; 53 (2): 161-6.

BackgroundWhen we make reference to the quality of anesthesia, we consider three points, early emergence, postoperative pain relief, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Among these, PONV is comparatively neglected. Many analgesics used during anesthesia may cause PONV.MethodsThe incidence of PONV was assessed in 100 surgical patients who had received balanced anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with propofol, ketamine, midazolam and buprenorphine (Group P), or butorphanol (Group T), and vecuronium was given to facilitate tracheal intubation. The patients received balanced anesthesia with infusion of propofol, ketamine, vecuronium, and either buprenorphine (Group P) or butorphanol (Group T), with nitrous oxide. PONV was recorded for 24 hours postoperatively.ResultsIncidences of nausea were 27.1% in Group P and 15.8% in Group T (NS). Incidences of vomiting were 12.5% in Group P and 5.3% in Group T (NS). However, a high incidence of PONV was found in female (42.2%) vs. male (6.2%) (P < 0.01) and in over 25 BMI group (34.5%) vs. under 25 BMI group (15.5%) (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe type of analgesics used during balanced anesthesia is not important for development of PONV, but patient's factors, such as gender and BMI, are more closely associated with PONV.

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