• Lancet · Aug 2014

    Review

    The expanding universe of disorders of the basal ganglia.

    • Jose A Obeso, Maria C Rodriguez-Oroz, Maria Stamelou, Kailash P Bhatia, and David J Burn.
    • Movement Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Area, Clínica Universitaria and Medical School, and CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Redes sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jobeso@unav.es.
    • Lancet. 2014 Aug 9; 384 (9942): 523531523-31.

    AbstractThe basal ganglia were originally thought to be associated purely with motor control. However, dysfunction and pathology of different regions and circuits are now known to give rise to many clinical manifestations beyond the association of basal ganglia dysfunction with movement disorders. Moreover, disorders that were thought to be caused by dysfunction of the basal ganglia only, such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease, have diverse abnormalities distributed not only in the brain but also in the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems; this knowledge poses new questions and challenges. We discuss advances and the unanswered questions, and ways in which progress might be made.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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