• Nutrition · Mar 2019

    Plasma fatty acids: Biomarkers of dietary intake?

    • Dirce Maria Marchioni, Mayara Freitas de Oliveira, Carioca Antonio Augusto Ferreira AAF Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; University of Fortaleza, Nutrition Cour, Andreia A Machado Miranda, Aline Martins Carvalho, Erica Oki, Marina Maintinguer Norde, Marcelo Macedo Rogero, Nagila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno, and Regina Mara Fisberg.
    • Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: Marchioni@usp.br.
    • Nutrition. 2019 Mar 1; 59: 77-82.

    ObjectiveTo our knowledge, there is currently no consensus in the literature on the association between dietary fatty acids and circulating levels in plasma. The aim of this study was to assess the association of the intake of fatty acids with their relative plasma concentrations.MethodsWe conducted a study with 300 adults from the population-based health survey in São Paulo city (ISA-Capital 2008). We assessed demographic, lifestyle and anthropometric data, biochemical measurements, and two 24-h dietary recalls collected on non-consecutive days. Intake distribution was adjusted for intrapersonal variance to give usual dietary intake using the multiple source method (MSM). Percentage of fatty acids in plasma were analyzed by gas chromatography. The κ statistic, Spearman's correlation, and multiple linear regression (adjusted for confounders) and ratio limits of agreement were employed to determine the relationship between plasma and dietary measurements.ResultsLow correlation and agreement were found between dietary and plasma fatty acids. Docosahexaenoic acid (β = 0.25; P < 0.001) and saturated (β = 0.19; P = 0.048) fatty acids exhibited an association for means of intake adjusted by the MSM and for confounding variables. A large mean difference, with a large variation of "ratio limits," were observed between the measurements.ConclusionPlasma and dietary polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids exhibited low correlation and agreement, as well as weak association between each other. No association between intake and plasma concentrations of monounsaturated fat was found. Plasma fatty acids are not good biomarkers of food intake.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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