• Mutsuo Onodera, Emiko Nakataki, Nobuto Nakanishi, Taiga Itagaki, Masami Sato, Jun Oto, and Masaji Nishimura.
• Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
• Respir Care. 2019 May 1; 64 (5): 545-549.

BackgroundDuring high-flow oxygen therapy, heated humidified gas is delivered at high flow. Although the warmth and humidity of this gas facilitates mucociliary function in the lower airway, warm and humid conditions also promote bacterial growth. Bacterial contamination of high-flow oxygen therapy circuits has not been well investigated. We examined the incidence of bacterial contamination in high-flow oxygen therapy circuits.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study in a university hospital 10-bed general ICU. After final high-flow oxygen therapy discontinuation, samples were obtained from the interface and the chamber ends of the circuit. Initially, a half circumference of each inner surface was swabbed, after which the whole circuit was left in the ICU at room temperature for 6 h. The samples were then, in the same way, taken from the previously unswabbed arcs of the end inner surfaces. All the samples were sent to a biology laboratory and cultured.ResultsIn all, 118 samples were collected from 31 circuits. The median duration of high-flow oxygen therapy was 48 h (interquartile range, 26-96 h). Of 31 circuits, contamination occurred in 5 circuits (16.1% [95% CI 5.5-33.7%]).ConclusionsBacterial contamination of inner surfaces of the circuit after high-flow oxygen therapy was relatively high.Copyright © 2019 by Daedalus Enterprises.

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