• Alessandra Pulvirenti, Georgios A Margonis, Vicente Morales-Oyarvide, Caitlin A McIntyre, Sharon A Lawrence, Debra A Goldman, Mithat Gonen, Matthew J Weiss, Cristina R Ferrone, Jin He, Murray F Brennan, John L Cameron, Keith D Lillemoe, T Peter Kingham, Vinod Balachandran, Motaz Qadan, Michael I D'Angelica, William R Jarnagin, Christopher L Wolfgang, CastilloCarlos Fernández-DelCFDepartment of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA., and Peter J Allen.
• Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
• Ann. Surg. 2021 Dec 1; 274 (6): e980e987e980-e987.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of consensus guidelines on the management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) and the subsequent changes in pathologic outcomes.BackgroundOver time, multiple guidelines have been developed to identify high-risk IPMN. We hypothesized that the development and implementation of guidelines should have increased the percentage of resected IPMN with high-risk disease.MethodsMemorial Sloan-Kettering (MSK), Johns Hopkins (JH), and Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) databases were queried for resected IPMN (2000-2015). Patients were categorized into main-duct (MD-IPMN) versus branch-duct (BD-IPMN). Guideline-specific radiographic/endoscopic features were recorded. High-risk disease was defined as high-grade dysplasia/carcinoma. Fisher's exact test was used to detect differences between institutions. Logistic regression evaluated differences between time-points [preguidelines (pre-GL, before 2006), Sendai (SCG, 2006-2012), Fukuoka (FCG, after 2012)].ResultsThe study included 1210 patients. The percentage of BD-IPMN with ≥1 high-risk radiographic feature differed between centers (MSK 69%, JH 60%, MGH 45%; P < 0.001). In MD-IPMN cohort, the presence of radiographic features such as solid component and main pancreatic duct diameter ≥10 mm also differed (solid component: MSK 38%, JH 30%, MGH 18%; P < 0.001; duct ≥10 mm: MSK 49%, JH 32%, MGH 44%; P < 0.001). The percentage of high-risk disease on pathology, however, was similar between institutions (BD-IPMN: P = 0.36, MD-IPMN: P = 0.48). During the study period, the percentage of BD-IPMN resected with ≥1 high-risk feature increased (52% pre-GL vs 67% FCG; P = 0.005), whereas the percentage of high-risk disease decreased (pre-GL vs FCG: 30% vs 20%). For MD-IPMN, there was not a clear trend towards guideline adherence, and the rate of high-risk disease was similar over the time (pre-GL vs FCG: 69% vs 67%; P = 0.63).ConclusionSurgical management of IPMN based on radiographic criteria is variable between institutions, with similar percentages of high-risk disease. Over the 15-year study period, the rate of BD-IPMN resected with high-risk radiographic features increased; however, the rate of high-risk disease decreased. Better predictors are needed.Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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