• Sonal J Patil, Nuha K Wareg, Kelvin L Hodges, Jamie B Smith, Mark S Kaiser, and Michael L LeFevre.
• Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri patilso@health.missouri.edu.
• Ann Fam Med. 2020 Jan 1; 18 (1): 50-58.

PurposeConventional clinic blood pressure (BP) measurements are routinely used for hypertension management and physician performance measures. We aimed to check home BP measurements after elevated conventional clinic BP measurements for which physicians did not intensify treatment, to differentiate therapeutic inertia from appropriate inaction.MethodsWe conducted a pre and post study of home BP monitoring for patients with uncontrolled hypertension as determined by conventional clinic BP measurements for which physicians did not intensify hypertension management. Physicians were notified of average home BP 2-4 weeks after the initial clinic visit. Outcome measures were the proportion of patients with controlled hypertension using average home BP measurements, changes in hypertension management by physicians, changes in physicians' hypertension metrics, and factors associated with home-clinic BP differences.ResultsOf 90 recruited patients who had elevated conventional clinic BP recordings, 65.6% had average home BP measurements that were <140/90 mm Hg. Physicians changed treatment plans for 61% of patients with average home BP readings of ≥140/90 mm Hg, whereas decisions to not change treatment for the remaining patients were based on contextual factors. Substituting average home BP for conventional clinic BP for 4% of patients from 2 physicians' hypertension registries improved the physicians' hypertension control rates by 3% to 5%. Greater body mass index and increased number of BP medications were associated with home BP measurement ≥140/90 mm Hg. Clinic BP levels did not estimate normal home BP levels.ConclusionsDocumented home BP in cases of clinical uncertainty helped differentiate therapeutic inertia from appropriate inaction and improved physicians' hypertension metrics.© 2020 Annals of Family Medicine, Inc.

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