Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · Jan 2013
Case ReportsIvermectin-induced blindness treated with intravenous lipid therapy in a dog.
To report a case of blindness due to the ingestion of ivermectin and subsequent successful treatment with intravenous lipid (IVL) therapy. ⋯ Ivermectin toxicity occurs in dogs with apparent blindness being a common clinical sign. This is the first case report of ivermectin-induced blindness evaluated with ERG before and after treatment with IVL in a dog unaffected by the multidrug resistance gene mutation. Treatment with an infusion of IVL therapy appeared to shorten the clinical course of disease in this patient without affecting ERG results.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · Jan 2013
Gunshot wounds in military working dogs in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom: 29 cases (2003-2009).
To describe the patient population, injuries, and treatment received on the battlefield, and ultimate outcome of U.S. military working dogs that incurred gunshot wound (GSW) injury in Operation Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan) or Operation Iraqi Freedom (Iraq). ⋯ Clinical data from battlefield treatment, which includes care from the point of injury through arrival to, but not including, a designated veterinary treatment facility. Twenty-nine dogs were injured between 2003 and 2009. All but one of the injuries were from high caliber, high velocity weapons. Of the 29 injured dogs, 11 survived the injuries and 18 died (38% survival rate). Of the dogs that died, all but 1 died from catastrophic nonsurvivable injuries before treatment or evacuation could be instituted. The thorax was the most common site of injury (50%) followed by extremity wounds (46%). The leading cause of death from GSWs was from thoracic wounds, followed by head wounds. Dogs with extremity wounds as their only injury were most likely to survive, and dogs with multiple injuries were least likely to survive. All surviving dogs received treatment at the point of injury by military medics and dog handlers consistent with Tactical Combat Casualty Care guidelines for combat injuries in human service members. Of the 11 that survived, all dogs returned to full duty with subsequent deployment to combat zones. Location of wounds and injury severity at the time of presentation to veterinary care was not correlated with length of time until return to duty.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · Dec 2012
Effectiveness of intravenous fluid resuscitation in the emergency room for treatment of hypotension in dogs: 35 cases (2000-2010).
To assess the effectiveness of fluid resuscitation for the treatment of hypotensive dogs presented to the emergency room. ⋯ Bolus fluid therapy for the treatment of hypotensive dogs resulted in increased in systolic arterial BP in all dogs, although the HR did not reliably decrease as might be expected. Dogs that showed normalization of BP within the first hour of fluid resuscitation were more likely to be discharged alive than those who remained hypotensive. A majority of dogs received and responded to isotonic crystalloids fluid resuscitation.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · Dec 2012
A retrospective evaluation of coral snake envenomation in dogs and cats: 20 cases (1996-2011).
To describe the clinical signs, treatment, and outcomes of dogs and cats following envenomation by the eastern coral snake and to report our clinical experience with the use of Coralmyn. ⋯ Diagnosis of eastern coral snake envenomation is likely in the dog that has concomitant lower motor neuron neuropathy, bulbar palsy, and hemolysis. Early diagnosis is crucial as antivenom administration can reduce morbidity. Prognosis is considered good with 71% of the envenomated patients in this study surviving to discharge. Supportive care that may include ventilator assistance and antivenom administration are the mainstays of therapy.
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J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) · Dec 2012
Case ReportsUse of intravenous lipid therapy in three cases of feline permethrin toxicosis.
To describe the use of intravenous lipid emulsion (IVLE) as an adjunctive therapy in 3 cats with permethrin toxicosis. ⋯ This is the first reported use of IVLE for feline permethrin toxicosis, with encouraging results. A possible reduction in costs associated with treatment may contribute to a reduction in euthanasia. Further investigation of the use of IVLEs in permethrin toxicosis is warranted.