Chinese medical journal
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Chinese medical journal · Oct 2024
A retrospective cohort study on mortality, morbidity, and care practices for 1750 very low birth weight infants, 2016-2021.
Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants are the key populations in neonatology, wherein morbidity and mortality remain major challenges. The study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of VLBW infants. ⋯ Among VLBW infants born in 2016-2021, the total and in-hospital mortality rates were lower than those of neonates born in 2009-2015. Incidences of NRDS and BPD increased in 2016-2021, which affected the survival rates and long-term prognosis of VLBW.
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Chinese medical journal · Oct 2024
Population pharmacokinetics of Ainuovirine and exposure-response analysis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals.
Ainuovirine (ANV) is a new generation of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection. This study aimed to evaluate the population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) profile and exposure-response relationship of ANV among people living with HIV. ⋯ Our PopPK model supported ANV 150 mg once daily as the recommended dose for people living with HIV, requiring no dose adjustment for the studied factors. Optimization of ANV dose may be warranted in clinical practice due to an increasing trend in adverse reactions with increasing exposure.
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Chinese medical journal · Oct 2024
ReviewCerebellar involvement in Parkinson's disease: Pathophysiology and neuroimaging.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by various motor and non-motor symptoms. The complexity of its symptoms suggests that PD is a heterogeneous neurological disorder. Its pathological changes are not limited to the substantia nigra-striatal system, but gradually extending to other regions including the cerebellum. ⋯ In addition, altered dopaminergic activity and α-synuclein pathology are found in the cerebellum, further suggesting its role in the PD progression. Furthermore, an increasing evidence obtained from imaging studies has demonstrated that cerebellar structure, functional connectivity, and neural metabolism are altered in PD when compared to healthy controls, as well as among different PD subtypes. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the cerebellar pathophysiology and results from neuroimaging studies related to both motor and non-motor symptoms of PD, highlighting the potential significance of cerebellar assessment in PD diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and disease monitoring.
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Chinese medical journal · Oct 2024
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the process of CA19-9 production and dynamics of the immune microenvironment between CA19-9 (+) and CA19-9 (-) PDAC.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the main types of malignant tumor of the digestive system, and patient prognosis is affected by difficulties in early diagnosis, poor treatment response, and a high postoperative recurrence rate. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) has been widely used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and postoperative follow-up of PDAC patients. Nevertheless, the production mechanism and potential role of CA19-9 in PDAC progression have not yet been elucidated. ⋯ Our study described CA19-9 production at single-cell resolution and the dynamics of the immune atlas in CA19-9-positive and CA19-9-negative PDAC. CA19-9 could promote M2 polarization of macrophage in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment.
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Chinese medical journal · Oct 2024
Incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of female breast cancer in China, 2022.
Breast cancer is ranked among the most prevalent malignancies in the Chinese female population. However, comprehensive reports detailing the latest epidemiological data and attributable disease burden have not been extensively documented. ⋯ These data provide invaluable insights into the latest epidemiology of female breast cancer in China and highlight the urgency for disease prevention and control strategy formulation.