Medicina
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We start from the evidence that confirms a greater vulnerability to anxiety in people with autism and to wonder to what extent the intolerance to the uncertainty mediates in that anxiety. In addition, the alterations of the predictive abilities in autism could explain the coherence between greater intolerance to uncertainty and some peculiarities inherent in autism such as patterns of restrictive and stereotyped behaviors, interests and activities, and particularities in the processing of sensory information. This information will allow us to develop interventions specifically focused on this construct for the prevention and improvement of anxiety symptoms in autism in cases that the severity of intolerance to uncertainty constitutes a significant risk factor.
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Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a qualitative alteration in social interaction and communication, associated with restricted interests and stereotyped behaviors. People with autism are four times more likely to develop depression, than the general population, it is even considered as the most common mental health condition in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). One of the challenges is to recognize the manifestations related to depression in people with ASD, in whom, in general, it is expressed differently in relation to those with typical development. ⋯ Many of them have a history of depression, harassment and loneliness. It is essential the early detection of depression, develop appropriate tools for diagnosis in autism as well as generate awareness of the risk of ideation or suicide, a problem that only in recent years has been addressed with greater depth. In this paper I analyze depression in autism, the risk of suicidal ideation and suicide, prioritizing clinical aspects, their evaluation and risk factors.
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental alteration of biological basis that started in childhood may persist during adolescence-youth and, despite what was believed until not many years ago, also in adulthood up to 50-60% of those affected, producing a significant clinical and psychosocial deterioration. In spite of being a syndrome easily identifiable by the triad: inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that characterizes it, in clinical practice there are different circumstances that hinder and complicate its diagnosis and treatment. ⋯ The evidences existing until now show how the comorbidity of ADHD and substance use disorder influence the evolutionary course of both, complicating the approach, the treatment and, therefore, aggravating the final prognosis. The difficulties in their approach and the scarcity of treatment options make us underline the importance of preventive treatment in the infantile stage, starting from psychoeducation programs focused on the vulnerability of these patients to substances and the consequences associated with consumption.
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The first case of coronavirus (COVID-19) infection in Argentina was reported in Buenos Aires on March 3rd, 2020, in a patient who arrived from Milan. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics and course of illness of patients infected with Covid-19 that were hospitalized in a private clinical setting during March 2020. Sixty three patients suspected of COVID-19 infection, were admitted to our hospital during March 2020. ⋯ The population of our study was young and almost all were imported cases, in alinement with the stage of the epidemic at the time when the study was conducted. We observed that there were two patterns in the fever curve but the persistence of it did not lead to a worse prognosis. Larger population studies are required in order to confirm these clinical findings.
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Polysomnography without real-time technical supervision (sleep test level II) h as been described with adequate quality of neurological and respiratory signals. We compare the efficiency and quality of sleep in hospitalized patients and in the sleep laboratory. The study was retrospective, in a consecutive sample of systematic collection based on PSG level II. ⋯ A small proportion had a normal efficiency (> 80% of total sleep time), being higher in outpatients: 41.5 vs. 22.5 p < 0.001. Finally, in those with total sleep time > 3 hours, the efficiency (%) was lower in hospitalized: 73.3 (60.8-82.1) vs. 78.5 (67.1-86.2), p < 0.01. In hospitalized patients the quality and efficiency of sleep were lower with a small proportion of patients sleeping four hours during a polysomnography test.