Medical care
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Comparative Study
Outcomes and reimbursement of inpatient rehabilitation facilities and subacute rehabilitation programs for Medicare beneficiaries with hip fracture.
We sought to assess whether outcomes and reimbursement differ for Medicare beneficiaries with hip fracture when treated in an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) compared with a skilled nursing facility (SNF) subacute rehabilitation program. ⋯ SNF-based subacute rehabilitation was less costly and outcomes were in most, but not all, instances similar or better than IRF-based rehabilitation for Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries who had a recent hip fracture.
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The Patient Safety Indicators (PSIs), an administrative data-based tool developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, are increasingly being used to screen for potential in-hospital patient safety problems. Although the Veterans Health Administration (VA) is a national leader in patient safety, accurate information on the epidemiology of patient safety events in the VA is still unavailable. ⋯ Our results suggest that the PSIs may be useful as a patient safety screening tool in the VA. Our PSI rates were consistent with the national incidence of low rates; however, differences between VA and non-VA rates suggest that inadequate case-mix adjustment may be contributing to these findings.
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We sought to examine the impact of residents' cognitive function on the quality of Minimum Data Set (MDS) pain data using the latent variable approach. ⋯ Given the RAI protocols, the quality of MDS pain data collected by NH staff was similar to that of well-trained nurses regardless of residents' cognitive function. Our results strongly support the notion that specialized pain assessment instruments are needed to adequately detect pain for the large proportion of cognitive impaired NH residents.
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Rapid changes in HIV epidemiology and antiretroviral therapy may have resulted in recent changes in patterns of healthcare utilization. ⋯ Changes in utilization over this 3-year period, although statistically significant in some cases, were not substantial. Hospitalization rates remain relatively high among minority or disadvantaged groups, suggesting persistent disparities in care. Combined inpatient and outpatient costs for patients on HAART were not significantly lower than for patients not on HAART.
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Medication error occurring during the care of HIV-infected patients may lead to treatment failure, drug toxicity, or even death. ⋯ Use of electronic pharmacy records to ascertain true medication errors appears most reliable when conducting surveillance for contraindicated medications errors and less reliable for other error categories. Lack of confirmation is likely the result of patients' lack of adherence to drug regimens or providers' intentional deviation from accepted prescribing guidelines. Only confirmed contraindicated medications errors appear to be linked to adverse events.